Mercury (Thimerosal) in Vaccines

From the NVIC:

https://www.nvic.org/faqs/mercury-thimerosal.aspx

FAQ's About Mercury (Thimerosal) in Vaccines

Q: Is it true that all the mercury has been removed from vaccines? How much mercury is in the flu shot and other recommended vaccines? Should I go out of my way to find a thimerosal-free flu shot and where can I find one?

A: Even though most of the vaccines routinely administered to infants in the United States no longer contain more than trace amounts of ethyl mercury in the form of Thimerosal, the entire vaccine supply is not Thimerosal-free. The most notable exception to this is the seasonal influenza (flu) vaccine. Most, but not all, influenza vaccine still contains Thimerosal. Notably, many vaccines used in third world countries are mercury containing and exceed safety guidelines established in the United States.

Information on vaccines that contain significant amounts of Thimerosal can also be found on the Food and Drug Administration's website and Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health's Institute for Vaccine Safety website.

Manufacturers began voluntarily removing Thimerosal from pediatric vaccines around 2000. It is assumed that most pediatric vaccines containing Thimerosal were “off the shelves” by 2003. (No vaccines were recalled.) Even so, most infants are still routinely given Thimerosal-containing influenza vaccine even though there are Thimerosal-free and vaccines with trace amounts of Thimerosal. Infants receiving a Thimerosal-containing influenza vaccine are dosed at 6 months with 12.5 mcg of ethyl mercury and at 7 months with an additional 12.5 mcg. Adult Thimerosal-containing vaccines contain roughly 25mcg. These Thimerosal-containing version exceed federal safety guidelines mentioned earlier. For more information, you can review a special write-up on the NVIC website, titled "Aluminum and Vaccine Ingredients: What Do We Know? What Don't We Know?"

Depending on the vaccines administered, at six months of age, infants today born to mothers who received flu vaccine during pregnancy could receive up to 71 mcg of ethyl mercury compared to 187.5 mcg prior to efforts to decrease the amount of thimerosal in infant vaccines. Additionally, the CDC guidelines recommend that all children receive an annual influenza vaccine beginning at 6 months of age. As a result, the total amount of thimerosal given to children under 5 years of age is almost what it was prior to 2000.

There are other sources of mercury exposure in infants. Specifically, it should be recognized that influenza vaccine recommended for pregnant women and some rhogam preparations contain ethyl mercury in the form of thimerosal. Total mercury burden include other sources including dental amalgams (silver fillings), food especially some types of fish, and air pollution from coal-fired power plants and wildfires.

Concerns regarding mercury in vaccines were addressed in a letter published by the Journal Pediatrics on March 13, 2008 (update 3/17/2016: letter is no longer available online). As noted in the letter, parents and pregnant women may want to consider the following data and make an informed decision.

• 0.5 parts per billion (ppb) mercury = Kills human neuroblastoma cells (Parran et al., Toxicol Sci 2005; 86: 132-140).
• 2 ppb mercury = U.S. EPA limit for drinking water.
• 20 ppb mercury = Neurite membrane structure destroyed (Leong et al., Neuroreport 2001; 12: 733-37).
• 200 ppb mercury = level in liquid the EPA classifies as hazardous waste.
• 25,000 ppb mercury = Concentration of mercury in the Hepatitis B vaccine, administered at birth in the U.S., from 1990-2001.
• 50,000 ppb Mercury = Concentration of mercury in multi-dose DTaP and Haemophilus B vaccine vials, administered 4 times each in the 1990's to children at 2, 4, 6, 12 and 18 months of age.
• 50,000 ppb Mercury = Current "preservative" level mercury in multi-dose flu (94% of supply), meningococcal and tetanus (7 and older) vaccines. This can be confirmed by simply analyzing the multi- dose vials.

From the CDC:

https://www.cdc.gov/vaccinesafety/concerns/thimerosal/index.html

Thimerosal in Vaccines

Thimerosal is a mercury-based preservative that has been used for decades in the United States in multi-dose vials (vials containing more than one dose) of medicines and vaccines. There is no evidence of harm caused by the low doses of thimerosal in vaccines, except for minor reactions like redness and swelling at the injection site. However, in July 1999, the Public Health Service agencies, the American Academy of Pediatrics, and vaccine manufacturers agreed that thimerosal should be reduced or eliminated in vaccines as a precautionary measure.

Thimerosal contains ethylmercury.

Mercury is a naturally occurring element found in the earth’s crust, air, soil, and water.  Two types of mercury to which people may be exposed — methylmercury and ethylmercury — are very different.

Methylmercury is the type of mercury found in certain kinds of fish. At high exposure levels methylmercury can be toxic to people. In the United States, federal guidelines keep as much methylmercury as possible out of the environment and food, but over a lifetime, everyone is exposed to some methylmercury.

Thimerosal contains ethylmercury, which is cleared from the human body more quickly than methylmercury, and is therefore less likely to cause any harm.

Thimerosal prevents the growth of bacteria in vaccines.

Thimerosal is added to vials of vaccine that contain more than one dose (multi-dose vials) to prevent growth of germs, like bacteria and fungi. Introduction of bacteria and fungi has the potential to occur when a syringe needle enters a vial as a vaccine is being prepared for administration. Contamination by germs in a vaccine could cause severe local reactions, serious illness or death. In some vaccines, preservatives, including thimerosal, are added during the manufacturing process to prevent germ growth.

The human body eliminates thimerosal easily.

Thimerosal does not stay in the body a long time so it does not build up and reach harmful levels. When thimerosal enters the body, it breaks down to ethylmercury and thiosalicylate, which are readily eliminated.

Thimerosal has been shown to be safe when used in vaccines.

Thimerosal use in medical products has a record of being very safe. Data from many studies show no evidence of harm caused by the low doses of thimerosal in vaccines.

There are some side effects of thimerosal in vaccines.

The most common side-effects are minor reactions like redness and swelling at the injection site. Although rare, some people may be allergic to thimerosal.

Scientific research does not show a connection between thimerosal and autism.

Research does not show any link between thimerosal in vaccines and autism, a neurodevelopmental disorder. Many well conducted studies have concluded that thimerosal in vaccines does not contribute to the development of autism.  Even after thimerosal was removed from almost all childhood vaccines, autism rates continued to increase, which is the opposite of what would be expected if thimerosal caused autism.

Thimerosal was taken out of childhood vaccines in the United States in 2001.

Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccines do not and never did contain thimerosal. Varicella (chickenpox), inactivated polio (IPV), and pneumococcal conjugate vaccines have also never contained thimerosal.

Influenza (flu) vaccines are currently available in both thimerosal-containing (for multi-dose vaccine vials) and thimerosal-free versions.

heathline:

https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/mercury-in-tuna#contamination

How Contaminated Is It?

Tuna contains more mercury than other popular seafood items, including salmon, oysters, lobster, scallops and tilapia (1Trusted Source).

This is because tuna feed on smaller fish which are already contaminated with varying amounts of mercury. Since mercury is not easily excreted, it builds up in the tissues of tuna over time (2Trusted Source, 3Trusted Source).

Levels in Different Species

Levels of mercury in fish are measured either in parts per million (ppm) or micrograms (mcg). Here are some common tuna species and their mercury concentrations (1Trusted Source):

Species	Mercury in ppm	Mercury (in mcg) per 3 ounces (85 grams)
Light tuna (canned)	0.126	10.71
Skipjack tuna (fresh or frozen)	0.144	12.24
Albacore tuna (canned)	0.350	29.75
Yellowfin tuna (fresh or frozen)	0.354	30.09
Albacore tuna (fresh or frozen)	0.358	30.43
Bigeye tuna (fresh or frozen)	0.689	58.57

Reference Doses and Safe Levels

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) states that 0.045 mcg of mercury per pound (0.1 mcg per kg) of body weight per day is the maximum safe dose of mercury. This amount is known as a reference dose (4).

Your daily reference dose for mercury depends on your body weight. Multiplying that number by seven gives you your weekly mercury limit.

Here are some examples of reference doses based on different body weights:

Body weight	Reference dose per day (in mcg)	Reference dose per week (in mcg)
100 pounds (45 kg)	4.5	31.5
125 pounds (57 kg)	5.7	39.9
150 pounds (68 kg)	6.8	47.6
175 pounds (80 kg)	8.0	56.0
200 pounds (91 kg)	9.1	63.7

A positive association found between autism prevalence and childhood vaccination

A positive association found between autism prevalence and childhood vaccination uptake across the U.S. population.

Delong G. Department of Economics and Finance, Baruch College/City University of New York, New York, New York, USA. gayle.delong@baruch.cuny.edu

Author information

Abstract

The reason for the rapid rise of autism in the United States that began in the 1990s is a mystery. Although individuals probably have a genetic predisposition to develop autism, researchers suspect that one or more environmental triggers are also needed. One of those triggers might be the battery of vaccinations that young children receive. Using regression analysis and controlling for family income and ethnicity, the relationship between the proportion of children who received the recommended vaccines by age 2 years and the prevalence of autism (AUT) or speech or language impairment (SLI) in each U.S. state from 2001 and 2007 was determined. A positive and statistically significant relationship was found: The higher the proportion of children receiving recommended vaccinations, the higher was the prevalence of AUT or SLI. A 1% increase in vaccination was associated with an additional 680 children having AUT or SLI. Neither parental behavior nor access to care affected the results, since vaccination proportions were not significantly related (statistically) to any other disability or to the number of pediatricians in a U.S. state. The results suggest that although mercury has been removed from many vaccines, other culprits may link vaccines to autism. Further study into the relationship between vaccines and autism is warranted.

Dr. Robert Mendelsohn MD, pediatrician

“There are significant risks associated with every immunization and numerous contraindications that may make it dangerous for the shots to be given to your child…. Immunization against relatively harmless childhood diseases may be responsible for the dramatic increase in autoimmune diseases.”

“There is no convincing scientific evidence that mass inoculations can be credited with eliminating any childhood disease. While it is true that some once common childhood diseases have diminished or disappeared since inoculations were introduced, no one really knows why, although improved living conditions may be the reason."

“If immunizations were responsible for the diminishing or disappearance of these diseases in the United States, one must ask why they disappeared simultaneously in Europe, where mass immunizations did not take place.”

A Brief History of the ‘Antivax’ Movement - theothersideofvaccines.com

A Brief History of the ‘Antivax’ Movement

Excerpt:

It is often assumed that the ‘anti-vax’ movement began with Andrew Wakefield, and ‘that autism study’, or former Playboy model Jenny McCarthy’s claims that her son’s autism was caused by vaccination.

But did these two events really cause tens of thousands of parents to begin questioning vaccines and getting embroiled in bitter skirmishes on social media? Personally, I had never heard of Andrew Wakefield, or Jenny McCarthy, when I first began to delve into the vaccine subject, in early 2010.

Opposition to vaccination is not a new phenomenon – for as long as there have been vaccines, there has been fierce opposition. Originally focused in England, that opposition really gained momentum when the Compulsory Vaccination Act was passed in Victorian England, in 1853.

The main pockets of opposition to compulsory vaccination were among the working class, and the clergy, who believed it was ‘un-Christian’ to inject people with animal products [1].

The original Vaccination Act in 1840 had provided free vaccination for the poor, to be administered by the Poor Law guardians. This law, however, was a failure, as the “lower and uneducated classes” did not take up the offer of free vaccination [1].

The Compulsory Vaccination Act of 1853 went a lot further – it ordered all babies up to 3 months old be vaccinated ( to be administered by Poor Law Guardians), and in 1867, this was extended up to 14 years of age, and penalties for non-compliance were introduced.

read A Brief History of the ‘Antivax’ Movement

Medical Experts on Masks

Masks don’t help:

“Surgical masks will not prevent your acquiring diseases. Rather, surgical masks are typically used by surgeons to protect their patients from their mouth-borne germs —  but those masks don't work to prevent inhaling diseases.”

Dr. William Schaffner, a professor of preventive medicine and infectious diseases at Vanderbilt University, and the medical director of the National Foundation for Infectious Diseases told Fox News.

________________

World Health Organization does not recommend masks for people who are not at risk

“Nobody gives by the way publicity to the WHO’s recommendation quote they do not recommend masks for the general public, unquote, even in their updated note, if you bother to read their whole technical note they say that. And they are talking about the only time you wear a mask is if you are at risk, (in a) high risk group, in an area of widespread transmission of the disease and you cannot be three feet away from someone.”

Physician and public health expert Dr. Scott Atlas, fellow at the Hoover Institution of Stanford University, former chief of neuroradiology at Stanford University Medical Center. Interview on Fox News, Jun 9, 2020. Dr. Atlas is President's Trump new advisor on Corona.

Respiratory acidosis:

"In a world where everyone is so obsessed with alkalizing, guess what happens when you re-breathe your carbon dioxide? That’s right, blood pH drops and you retain acid and have to get rid of it some other way. I hope you have a good kidneys."  

Dr Suzanne Humphries, Medical doctor, Internal Medicine and Nephrology. Board certified, multi-state licensed. 

Blood pH balance: Acidosis is when your blood pH drops below 7.35 and becomes too acidic. Alkalosis is when your blood pH is higher than 7.45 and becomes too alkaline. The two main organs that help balance the pH of blood are the:

Lungs. These organs remove carbon dioxide through breathing or respiration.

Kidneys. These organs remove acids through urine or excretion.

The different types of blood acidosis and alkalosis depend on the cause. The two main types are:

Respiratory. This type occurs when the change in blood pH is caused by a lung or breathing condition.

Metabolic. This type occurs when blood pH changes are due to a kidney condition or issue

Respiratory acidosis: When your lungs aren’t able to move enough carbon dioxide out of your body quickly enough, blood pH is lowered. This is called respiratory acidosis. Symptoms can include: headache, memory loss, sleep disturbance, anxiety and personality changes. In acute respiratory acidosis, or if chronic respiratory acidosis gets progressively worse over time, the effects of raised CO2 in the brain become more severe. Symptoms can include: confusion, drowsiness, stupor, muscle jerking.

Effects of a drastically lower pH in the blood include: reduced heart muscle function, 

disturbances in heart rhythm, producing arrhythmias, a drop in blood pressure.

Mask Mouth:

Dentists report that masks cause people to breathe out of their noses. As a result saliva, which is an important element in fighting cavities, dries up. Due to excessive mask wearing, people are developing cavities and gum disease at an alarming rate. The latter increases the risk of strokes.

Masks spread disease:

"You can increase your risk of getting it by wearing a mask if you are not a health care provider."

“Folks who don't know how to wear them properly tend to touch their faces a lot and actually can increase the spread of coronavirus."

US Surgeon General Dr. Jerome Adams, Interview on Fox & Friends, March 2020

“For the average member of the public walking down a street, it is not a good idea. “What tends to happen is people will have one mask. They won’t wear it all the time, they will take it off when they get home, they will put it down on a surface they haven’t cleaned. Or they will be out and they haven’t washed their hands, they will have a cup of coffee somewhere, they half hook it off, they wipe something over it. In fact, you can actually trap the virus in the mask and start breathing it in.”

Jenny Harries, MBE, Deputy Chief Medical Officer, United Kingdom

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